Now there was on that spot in old times a great and noble city called Cambaluc [Beijing], which is as much as to say in our tongue "The city of the Emperor." But the Great Kaan was informed by his Astrologers that this city would prove rebellious, and raise great disorders against his imperial authority. So he caused the present city to be built close beside the old one, with only a river between them. And he caused the people of the old city to be removed to the new town that he had founded; and this is called Taidu.
Source:
Polo, Marco: The Travels of Marco Polo. Book 2, Chapter 11: Concerning the city of Cambaluc.
Further Reading:
I did some research.
It appears that the Great Comet of 1264 was indeed recorded by the Chinese in Records of the Grand Historian, the first comprehensive history of China. Additionally, there is evidence that might suggest important decisions such as moving the capital may have been made due to comet sightings. Emperor Ruizong of Tang abdicated the throne in 712 AD after a comet appeared in the sky.
In fact, the Chinese still use language revolving around comets being a bad omen.
So I think it must be the case that the sighting of that particular comet was the reason behind the capital being moved.